wiki:InstallationGuidelines/PostgreSQL

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Version 48 (modified by Fran Boon, 14 years ago) ( diff )
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Installation on PostgreSQL

Replacing the simple SQLite database with PostgreSQL allows greater scalability & the possibility of using PostGIS for spatial storage.

Install PostgreSQL

It is assumed that you are running Debian 'squeeze'. 'lenny' works fine for Eden, but the main point is to use PostGIS where squeeze is better...

apt-get install -y postgresql-8.4 python-psycopg2

Enable automatic DB maintenance:

vim /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/postgresql.conf
# Enable remote access
listen_addresses = '*'
port = 5432
track_counts = on
autovacuum = on

vim /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/pg_hba.conf
host    all         all         my.ip.add.ress/24     md5

/etc/init.d/postgresql restart

vim /etc/iptables.rules
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5432 -j ACCEPT

reboot

NB Don't do remote access as 'postgres' - to do so means can't simply access psql via 'su postgres'

Adjust postgresql.conf for performance relative to resources available (http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Tuning_Your_PostgreSQL_Server)

vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# Increase Shared Memory available for PostgreSQL
# 512Mb
kernel.shmmax = 279134208
# 1024Mb (may need more)
#kernel.shmmax = 552992768
kernel.shmall = 2097152

sysctl -w kernel.shmmax=279134208
sysctl -w kernel.shmall=2097152

vim /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/postgresql.conf

# This default is probably ok
# adjust upward _or_ add a connection pooling layer like pgpool if running out of connections for clients
max_connections = 100

# shared_buffers = 24MB
# Ideal is if all frequently accessed indexes and table rows can fit in here - this is often unrealistic
# setting too high relative to system resources can be detrimental to the system.
# At the high end this should be no more than 1/4 to 1/3 the available memory (ie that which is not being used by the OS or other processes).
# Values suggested are quite conservative, so you can push them up a bit if there are resources available for it
# but absolutely no more than 1/3 available memory.
# 512Mb system suggest starting at:
shared_buffers = 56MB
# 1024Mb system suggest starting at:
#shared_buffers = 160MB

# effective_cache_size = 128MB
# 512Mb system suggest starting at:
effective_cache_size = 256MB
# 1024Mb system suggest starting at:
#effective_cache_size = 512MB

#work_mem = 1MB
# This is a per sort setting, so setting this too high with a high number of max_connections can be bad.
# If the database load turns out to have a lot of sorting and not a lot of separate connections, you should increase this
# and drop the max_connections.
# 512Mb system suggest starting at:
work_mem = 2MB
# 1024Mb system suggest starting at:
#work_mem = 4MB

# As you get more memory in the system, moving this up can be quite useful if you notice vacuum processes taking forever.
maintenance_work_mem = 16MB

/etc/init.d/postgresql restart

Logging-in as user postgres (Ubuntu Users)

sudo su postgres

(Optional) Install the Admin Pack for enhanced intrumentation:

apt-get install postgresql-contrib-8.4
su postgres
psql -d postgres -f /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/adminpack.sql

(Optional) Install PHPPgAdmin if you want a web-based management tool:

apt-get install phppgadmin

Configure PostgreSQL for Sahana Eden

su postgres
createuser -s -P sahana

createdb -O sahana -E UTF8 sahana -T template0

If using PostGIS (recommended) then:

apt-get install -y postgresql-8.4-postgis
su postgres
createlang plpgsql -d sahana
psql -d sahana -f /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/postgis-1.5/postgis.sql
psql -d sahana -f /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/postgis-1.5/spatial_ref_sys.sql

NOTE: you must install PostGIS first

Ubuntu users (Lucid/PostgreSQL 8.4/Post-GIS 1.4) - the paths are slightly different

psql -d sahana -f /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/postgis.sql
psql -d sahana -f /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/spatial_ref_sys.sql

Install Python support for PostgreSQL

If not done as-per above instructions:

apt-get install python-psycopg2

Configure Sahana Eden to use PostgreSQL

vim models/000_config.py
deployment_settings.database.db_type = "postgres"
deployment_settings.database.port = "" # use default
deployment_settings.database.database = "sahana"
deployment_settings.database.username = "sahana"
deployment_settings.database.password = "mypassword"
deployment_settings.database.pool_size = 30

'Connection pools' are used to reuse connections. How many pools should we use?

whatever you choose it always starts with one and grows with the number of concurrent requests up to the value of pools (the max number of concurrent pools).
So pools should be the max number of concurrent requests you expect. That is the max value of:
<number of requests/second> / <average time per request in seconds>

Add Geometry column to gis_location

If using PostGIS, then once the tables have been created:

cat << EOF > "/tmp/geometry.sql"
UPDATE public.gis_location SET wkt = 'POINT (' || lon || ' ' || lat || ')' WHERE gis_feature_type = 1;
SELECT AddGeometryColumn( 'public', 'gis_location', 'the_geom', 4326, 'GEOMETRY', 2 );
UPDATE public.gis_location SET the_geom = ST_SetSRID(ST_GeomFromText(wkt), 4326);
EOF
su -c - postgres "psql -q -d sahana -f /tmp/geometry.sql"

(if using Windows can use the Query Editor that comes with pgAdmin III)

Ensure that future entries auto-populate properly:

cat << EOF > "/tmp/autopopulate.sql"
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION s3_update_geometry()
  RETURNS "trigger" AS \$$
  DECLARE
  BEGIN
    if (NEW.wkt != '') then
        NEW.the_geom = SetSRID(GeomFromText(NEW.wkt), 4326);
        end if;

    RETURN NEW;
  END;
\$$  LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE;
ALTER FUNCTION s3_update_geometry() OWNER TO sahana;
CREATE TRIGGER s3_locations_update
  BEFORE INSERT
  ON gis_location
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE PROCEDURE s3_update_geometry();

EOF
su -c - postgres "psql -q -d sahana -f /tmp/autopopulate.sql"

Tell Sahana that the DB is spatially-enabled so that routines can make use of this:

vim models/000_config.py
deployment_settings.gis.spatialdb = True

Backups

su postgres
pg_dump -c sahana > /tmp/sahana.sql
pg_dump -Fc gis > /tmp/gis.dmp

Maintenance

Connect to Database (or use pgAdmin III GUI's PSQL Console on plugins menu):

su postgres
psql

psql -d my_spatial_db -U username

List Databases:

\l

Connect to a Database:

\c sahana

List Tables:

\d

Describe Table structure:

\d tablename
select field/* from tablename where field = 'value';

If you need to build a fresh database:

rm -f /home/web2py/applications/eden/databases/*
su postgres
pkill -f 'postgres: sahana sahana'
dropdb sahana
createdb -O sahana -E UTF8 sahana

To restore data from backup:

su postgres
psql -f /tmp/sahana.sql
createdb gis
psql gis -f /usr/share/postgresql-8.4/contrib/postgis.sql
/usr/share/postgresql-8.4-postgis/utils/new_postgis_restore.pl -f /tmp/gis.dmp | psql gis